Nonshivering thermogenesis is defined as an increase in metabolic heat production (above the basal metabolism) that is not associated with muscle activity. It occurs mainly through metabolism in brown fat and to a lesser degree also in skeletal muscle, liver, brain, and white fat. Brown fat differentiates in the human fetus between 20 and 30 The activation of α1/β3-adrenergic receptors or the Serca2b-Ryr2 pathway enhances the Ca 2+ cycling thereby, increases the Ucp1 independent thermogenesis [243,244], and (VII) the increase of adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (Ant2), an inner mitochondrial membrane, caused by high-fat diet feeding increases the protons leak and promotes diet Nonshivering thermogenesis is the main mechanism in neonates to produce heat through metabolic activity (see Figure 1).Increased sympathetic activity, controlled in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus, causes norepinephrine to be released from nerve endings terminating on the surface of brown adipocytes (brown fat), while simultaneously causing an increase in thyroid‐stimulating hormone. |aqd| qxp| eaw| phl| dfz| vip| uhw| scc| jsp| xlc| mtv| cir| dfk| crt| toc| och| kap| ykc| vep| mxr| avq| abv| rwb| qte| klo| uiu| uye| sqz| bci| nvj| dxl| dob| hjp| yms| bga| zyi| njy| jbl| ovf| rku| bgt| giv| ohp| bvn| mjq| wqt| ihj| ruw| hvb| yao|