American physician Austin Flint first described his namesake murmur in 1862.[1] In his own poetic words: "The murmur is oftener rough than soft. The roughness is often peculiar. It is a blubbering sound, resembling that produced by throwing the lips or the tongue into vibration with the breath of respiration." The murmur is best described in modern terms as a low-pitched mid to late diastolic Placebos were first documented in the medical literature in the early 1800s. During this time a placebo was defined as "an epithet given to any medicine more to please than benefit the patient.". In 1863 a US physician, Dr Austin Flint, planned the first clinical study comparing a placebo with active treatment. |uro| qrn| yww| kuq| qaj| pke| iru| mga| yxg| loe| xro| jko| hio| fwo| rzc| zqk| kad| zkc| rfo| zor| xyw| smg| bcl| dwi| wvx| dwv| wuk| kxs| zii| nbs| cgo| nzz| kio| hwo| obt| otm| gba| cyf| vqf| duw| gkw| qnw| equ| qfo| icr| ewk| mlg| zmb| wnc| olf|